Competitors Analysis Of Beauty Salon

The performance process: strategy, objectives, indicators

1. Brief history of strategy

• Henri Fayol, Industrial and General Administration , 1916

• Five functions of the manager

- ; Welfare,

- Organization

- ; Command,

- Coordination

- Control

• U.S. 1960s: the beginning of management in NPOs

• external (McKinsey) or internal

• Tasks: buildings, exhibitions, etc..

oil shocks 1974 - 1979

The coming managers

• Depression and poor Management:

- CA

- little interest or training

- Organization uncoordinated units

- maladjustment change

• Applications

- fundraising,

- marketing

- strategic planning

What planning?

• From: budget planning

• ; Changes:

- external environment

- increased competition

• ; The management of change

Some idea of cultural organizations

Ex College of indicators listed by the Audit Commission, The Road to Wigan Pier, 1991

1. Quality of life

2. Promoting tourism

3. Promoting local development

4. Support to knowledge and education

5. Heritage Conservation and witnesses local history

2. A climate-based criticism of public management

A public power to benefit groups (selfish) that control it:

- ; the East and West

- Greed (avarice): main engine

- Public Choice (Buchanan and Tullock) public areas according to the interests of each ( vote).

- Rent Seeking : Behavior of pension groups.

Review cultural manager

• Maximizing its budget

- ; no redistribution of dividends:

- Increased quantities

- ; Inflation of costs and quality policy

• Location suboptimal

Ex: an analysis of extreme museums (Grampp, 1989)

• Museums mismanaged because they are financed by government

• should privatize ;

- less capital, works best, most popular exhibitions, better attendance,

- ; everyone would be happier (except conservatives).

"Solutions"

• Making up the powers of the state market

• To work as a state enterprise who are accountable to shareholders.

• The shareholder: the citizen who pays his taxes

3. The State therefore accountable ...

Declaration of Human Rights and the Citizen 1789

• Article 14

All citizens have the right to ascertain, by themselves or by their representatives, the necessity of the contribution public, to consent freely, to follow the manual and determine the amount, basis, collection and duration.

• Article 15

The company has the right to require of every public official of his administration.

è "These principles inform directly the provisions of the Organic Law on Budget Acts of 1 August 2001 relating to performance measurement"

one logical means to logical results

LOLF (organic law on finance laws) (Report 2005)

• " Reform already bearing fruit in terms of governance, in terms of clarity and accountability of the actors'

• "The new structure of public policy missions, programs and activities has increased their readability "

• Recommendations: Extend a gradual and appropriate principles LOLF beyond the state.

4. A classic pattern

strategic vision in an organization

1. Vision and Mission
2. Environmental study and diagnosis
3. Goals and Objectives
4. Action Plan
5. Resource Allocation
6. Implementation
7. Rating

32 missions, 123 programs

What indicators?

• Face of specific designs

• differences of opinion between manager and artists or scientists

• The Exterior incompetent?

- "difficult or impossible to compare the performance of different institutions' (?)

- an appraiser "external" (an invader) is not adequate knowledge to judge the merits of a policy

5. What that performance?

Performance ( Treasury )

• Empr. in Engl. performance "performance, execution, real results."

• A. SPORTS

1. Aged. [Term turf; Gen. in plur. ] All results horse racing racetracks, and P. ext., success in a race.

2. result obtained by (an) athlete, a team in a sporting event, and P. ext., sporting achievement.

3. P. Anal., Gen. in plur. Indications figures, curves on the mechanical properties (strength, speed, battery life) of a vehicle or the possibility of theft of an airplane.

• B. P. ext.

1. success of a person, action, exhibition, interpretation requiring exceptional skills.

2. yield, high reliability and exceptional machine, object, material.

If "profit is the quality"

• performance, effectiveness and efficiency, to overcome the notion of profit

• Top XX (U.S.) education.

• Not directly / / market

• Problem quantitative.

6. The "culture mission" in 2011

848 331 458 868 272 839 753 135 807 736 865 807

	Permissions commitment	Payments
Culture	2708009323	2672811450
Heritages
Creating
Transmission of knowledge and the democratization of culture	1 106 542 058	1067672804

Projects annual performance Culture

A Mission Culture:

"Since its inception in 1959, the Ministry of Culture and Communication's mission is to make them accessible to as many major works of humanity, to encourage the creation of works of art and spirit as well as development practices and arts education. "

Declination of mission objectives

• Protect, conserve and enhance cultural heritage (program 175)

• Support for artistic creation (program 131)

• The development and regulation of the economy of culture, cultural industries and communication (224 program )

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3. Terrorism of the State Cultural

Marc Fumaroli

This text can be downloaded from the site Catallaxia .

• Reprinted Point, March 29 and April 5, 2002

• Response Philippe Dagen, " ; the Gazette castles, April 12, 2002

• Response Fumaroli Marc Philippe Dagen, 12 April 2002.

Jack Lang and the early 1980s: a desire for democratization

• Develop public and allow everyone to appropriating culture

- Celebrations

- Openness to other practices: a broadening of the concept of culture (rock, comics, rap, tag)

• Develop supply

- More grants

- ; decentralizing and

- Go through the economic report and accept the principle of cultural industries

Marc Fumaroli

• Born in 1932

• ; Professor at Paris IV, then, in 1986, Collège de France

• 1991, The State Cultural

• 1995, French Academy

• 1996, President Society of Friends of the Louvre.

Quotes from article

"We subsidize the preferred alternative spaces, wastelands, squats arts, multidisciplinary projects, the emergence of a laboratory a new relationship between art and society. These changes meet the expectations of art and the desire of people excluded from the culture. "(Michel Duffour)

"To access the" culture "people who are excluded, we must create in their use of no-man's land to meet their" hold "and call" art "that which may a little more feral, and disoriented! This kind of official belching from the same barrel as the pseudo-sociological reasoning by which it has in the years before 68, the effective stigmatized social ladder and integrator of Education, calling it a "reproduction ; [...] "

"Everywhere, Los Angeles and Tokyo as in Paris, we meet a rich snobs, economically and emotionally right from left, who feel an overwhelming need to fund" alternative spaces "."

"Paris is a feast. The love of work well done and the passion for beauty, ancient and modern, are too deeply rooted to submit willingly to loggers in the forest of Gastine.

"... The hierarchs 'cultural' right and left stood silent. Their interests are common, their program is similar, their languages wood copulate, their clienteles overlap. The important thing for them is to persevere in the non-conqueror be. "

"Things can turn round slowly, in the" reserved area "of a very small community accomplice Mondano-politico-cultural, accompanied by few journalists themselves exercised at the semi-silence law. "

"Just as the College de France symbolizes Public Education Humanities and Sciences, the Louvre is the emblem of the eyes of all of France Arts .

"The Louvre is the heir par excellence of the old French tradition of state education and cultivated, modest in its ambitions to dictate to all the French taste the same, but ambitious in its will base the taste of the French. "

"It is clear that, far beyond the dispute, apparently obscure and minor, including the Louvre is the issue, the looming possibility, however improbable, to which people stand in place of the four chains, a popular and modern heritage policy, extended to the entire territory of which the state perfectly clear merits but also the excesses of modernity, would take the will and means, while allocating the abundant competition of private wealth. "

"under the generic name of democracy populations leveled dazed and in a quarter-globalized world lend themselves quietly in their favelas, a multidisciplinary cultural patronage: carnival, theater and street festivals, "arts", ethnic crafts, raves, Dual gang and trafficking drugs. The American language has three words for this sharp humanity reduced to its smallest denominator by an oligarchy of false gods: garbage, trash and radical chic. "

The Third Republic: an important period for art

• a very liberal policy,

- voluntary restraint of the role of the state

- social order and national unity

• Give a chance to all

• Paris Capital of Art

- Education - School Republic

- Heritage conservation

- Art for the market

- First place on the art market

- The success of the salons and the Impressionists

- The Caillebotte bequest

- ; An ailing situation after the Second war

• For performing arts, a more difficult situation:

- Success Boulevard

- ; Difficulties theater copyright

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2. Performing arts, The Economic Dilemma

William Baumol, 1966

A good explanation is given by Heilbrun can be downloaded by following the link .

The issue of productivity

• Labour productivity (output per hour work )

- Ex: number of hours / people needed to produce X

- Ex: Smith pin factory

- f (organization, machinery, etc.).

• Increased productivity: Δ Prod . = Prod. t2 - Prod. t1

• a surplus can be distributed

- ; employees (higher wages, bonus, promotion, reduction of working hours ...)

- the company (Increase of capital, investment financing),

- to shareholders (dividend increases)

- consumers (lower prices).

Increase productivity by

• Augmentation capital/travailleur,

•         Amélioration technologie,

•         Amélioration formation/qualification,

•         Amélioration management,

• Economies of scale

structure of the book by Baumol

A. The general context

1. organizations orchestras, theater commercial, off-Broadway theater (small), regional theater, opera, dance

- Number

- geographic dispersion

2. The "cultural explosion" in the early 1960s: increasing cultural consumption (?), Cultural centers, cultural spending

3. the public: an analysis of socio-economic groups attending arts

- Education higher than the average level

- higher incomes than the population

4. The artist, composer, choreographer ...

- Income Level / Other professions: artists and art teachers in 28th position, 40th rank musicians, dancers at the 48th ...

- Analysis of Income performers

5. State financial organizations

6. Revenue and deficit

7. Contributions to cover the difference in revenue / income gap

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1. Industrial production of cultural goods

Max Horkheimer

Theodor W. Adorno

The dialectic of reason

Paris, Gallimard, 1974 (tr. fr.)

Cultural industries views per Wikipedia

French Version

• In economy, the concept Industry Cultural means all firms producing in ways industrial goods whose essential value lies in their symbolic content: books, music, movies, television, radio, video games, mass tourism.

• In philosophy (aesthetics) and sociology of culture first, then information sciences and communication, the concept of cultural industry, the first French translation of the German expression Kulturindustrie (TW Adorno and Max Horkheimer), has a critical dimension and opened an interdisciplinary field which questioned the vision and the commodification of popular culture-industrialized-media and large media groups.

English Version

• According To International Organizations Such as UNESCO & the General Agreement Tariffs and Trade is (GATT), cultural industries (sometimes also known as " creative industries ") combine the creation, production, and distribution of goods and services that are cultural in nature and usually protected by intellectual property rights.

•         The notion of cultural industries generally includes textual, music , television , and film production and publishing , as well as crafts and design. For some countries, architecture , the visual and performing arts , sport , advertising , and cultural tourism may be included as adding value to the content and generating values for individuals and societies.

Théodore W. Adorno 1903-1969

•         German philosopher and musicologist

• Meeting with Berg and Schoenberg

• ; Meet Benjamin Horkeimer

• The " School Frankfurt "and the Institut für Sozialforschung

• Commitment Marxist

• 1933: Hitler

• 1934: departure to London then New York (1938)

• Collaboration with Horkeimer and the Institute for Social Research on the Dialectic of reason

• 1943: U.S. citizen

• ; 1949: Back in Germany

• Replacing the Institute for Social Research, Development School Frankfurt

• A fundamental criticism in the postwar period, and then challenged in 1968-69

The dialectic of Reason

• 1944-1947

• From the Enlightenment at Auschwitz;

• The destructive aspect of progress;

- The concept of Enlightenment

- Industrial production of cultural goods; Reason and mystification of the masses .

- elements of anti-Semitism. Limits Reason.

Quotes from the book

"According to sociologists, the loss of support traditionally offered an objective religion, the disintegration of the last residue precapitalist, technical and social differentiation and extreme specialization have made the cultural sector chaos. This argument is belied by the facts every day. For the present civilization gives quite a resemblance. Film, radio and magazines make up a system. " (129)

"The film and radio need no longer pretend to be art. They are nothing more than business: it is their truth and their ideology that they deliberately use "(130).

"Nowadays, technical rationality is the rationality of domination itself. It is the coercive nature of society alienated, cars, bombs and movies ensure the cohesion of the system until their function smoothing, affects the same injustice that she favored "(130).

"From the beginning of a movie, you know how it ends" (134)

"We forgive Orson Welles all violations tricks of the trade because all these inaccuracies calculated only confirm and strengthen the validity of the system "(138)

"Until Schönberg and Picasso, the great artists have retained their mistrust of style and when critical issues were involved, they have done less than the required style object logic , "(139)

" The culture industry remains the entertainment. "(145)

" In advanced capitalism, the fun is extension of the work. He is wanted by those who want to escape the process of automated work to be again able to confront it. "(145)

" In the cartoon, Donald Duck gets his ration of blows as the unfortunate in real life, so that viewers get used to those they receive themselves. "(147)

" ideology lurks in the calculation of probabilities " (154)

"The industry is interested in the man that as a customer and employee and has effectively reduced the whole of humanity - like each of its elements - in this comprehensive formula. , "(155)

" The cultural industries tend to embody authoritative statements and thus appear as the prophet of the existing order. "(156)

"But the low price luxury goods series and its complement, the universal scam, is changing the character of goods of art itself. What is new is not that art is a commodity, but today it is recognized as such deliberately, and that it denies its own autonomy in ranking among consumer goods gives its charm to this novelty. "(165-166)

" By assimilating completely necessary, the artwork in advance prevents the man from release the principle of utility, then it should allow for this release yet. "(167)

" The abolition of a privileged culture definitely does not introduce the masses Undercutting spheres in which they were previously excluded, but results precisely in the present social conditions, the decline of culture and advancing the inconsistency in the barbaric mind. "(169)

"Advertising becomes art par excellence with which Goebbels had already identified, art for art, advertising itself, pure representation of social power. "(171-172)

Epilogue

"What we call culture, it is this mysterious force things much earlier and much deeper than we and are our highest relief in the modern world, against the power dream factories "(Malraux, 1966)